1. Technical Specifications of Russian Aviation Lubricants

1. VNIINP-50-1-4U/Ф Series

• Kinematic viscosity at 100℃ ≥3.2 mm²/s

• Flash point ≥204℃, operational range: -60℃~200℃

• Compliant with РОСС RU.НХ06.CA00299 standard [[1][4][11]]

• Type: Synthetic ester-based oil (diesters)

• Key Parameters:

• Applications: MiG-29, Sukhoi series fighters, Il-96 transport aircraft.

2. IPM-10

• Operational range: -50℃~200℃, compliant with ТУ 38.1011299 standard [[8][9]]

• Type: Full synthetic oil (PAO + ester blend)

• Key Parameters:

• Applications: Russian turbofan engines (e.g., Su-27, MiG-31).

3. MS-8P

• Viscosity at -50℃ ≤4000 cSt, flash point ≥204℃

• Replaces MK-8/M8-P for turboprop engines [[6][12]]

• Type: Mineral-based oil with high-performance additives

• Key Parameters:

• Applications: MiG-21, Su-25 attack aircraft, Mi-6 helicopters.

4. AMG-10

• Compliant with GOST 6794-75, operational range: -60℃~+55℃ [[7][10]]

• Type: Mineral-based hydraulic fluid for low-temperature systems

• Key Parameters:

• Applications: Aircraft hydraulic systems (e.g., flaps, landing gear).

2. Chinese Equivalent Products

3. Technical Challenges in Compatibility

1. Base Oil Formulation Differences:

• Russian IPM-10 uses PAO + ester blends, while Chinese HP-8B may employ alternative synthetic formulations (e.g., PAO vs. esters).

• Critical Tests Required: Seal compatibility (e.g., rubber swelling rate ≤15% after 72h immersion) .

2. Standardization Gaps:

• Russian lubricants follow ТУ or GOST standards, while Chinese products align with MIL or GB standards. Cross-validation of parameters (e.g., viscosity index, acid number) is essential.

4. Current Collaboration Status

• Joint R&D Projects: Sinopec and Russian firms are co-developing wide-temperature synthetic oils for gas turbines, aiming for technical standard alignment by 2026 [[5]].

• Import Dependency: China still imports Russian 50-1-4 series lubricants for extreme cold conditions (-60℃) [[11]].

Conclusion

Chinese aviation lubricants can partially replace Russian products under verified conditions, but full compatibility requires:

• Rigorous testing of additive interactions and material compatibility.

• Adaptation to Russian military certification systems (e.g., РОСС standards).